SAP stands for SYSTEMS, APPLICATIONS and PRODUCTS in Data Processing.
SAP was founded in 1972 in Walldorf, Germany by 4 former IBM employees.Over the years, it has grown and evolved to become the world premier provider of client/server business solutions for which it is so well known today. The SAP R/3 enterprise application suite for open client/server systems has established a new standards for providing business information management solutions.
SAP products are consider excellent but not perfect. The main problems with software product is that it can never be perfect.The main advantage of using SAP as your company ERP system is that SAP have a very high level of integration among its individual applications which guarantee consistency of data throughout the system and the company itself.
SAP is a 'Table' driven customization software, here every thing is stored in table format.
SAP Landscape
The standard SAP project system is divided into three environments.
- Development Server.
- Quality Server/Sand box.
- Production Server.
The Development system is where most of the implementation work takes place. This is where the Development of programs and applications takes place.The Developed Objects are partially Tested here and later moved to Quality Server for Full fledged testing.
The Quality assurance system is where all the final testing of Objects Developed in Development Server is Done before moving the transports to the production environment.
The Production system is where all the daily business activities occur. It is also the client that all the end users use to perform their daily job functions.
A Transport Request (TR) will flow from Dev--->Qual--->Prod and not backwards.
Why SAP is more Popular?
Sap is using table driven program functionality instead of old fashioned hard-coded programs. Therefore, new and changed business requirements can be quickly implemented and tested in the system with more efficiency.Many other business application software have seen this table driven customization advantage and are now changing their application software based on this table customizing concept.
The main purpose of using a standard business application software like SAP is to reduce the amount of time and money to be spend on developing and testing all the programs. Therefore, most companies will try to utilized the available tools provided by SAP.
- With more than 300 products and 2000 components, SAP covers most of the areas of a business.
- Low implementation time than developing a new one for a company.
- All the functional modules are covered and integrating with each other.
- Advanced analytical features for vast reports and critical decision making.
- High security and different roles for the user.
- It support multiple languages and Fiscal years.
- Companies can save their time and cost for running their entire processes.
- Different types of Operating System and database are supported.
- It is widely used by the companies, in most of the countries.
- There is a lot of SAP implementation companies and professionals available to work.
- New features are adding according to the market and new technology.
Owing to all these advantages of SAP ERP which are not prevalent in other applications, SAP will obviously become the hot choice for every client who is willing to have a robust and efficient system.
What is SAP R/3?
R/3 stands for Real time 3 Tier Architecture.
R/3 means three layers are installed in Different system/server and they are connected with each other.
Layers of R/3 system.
1) Presentation layer.
2) Application layer.
3) Database layer.
We know that SAP R/3 is software, it is Client - Server software. This means that the groups/layers
that make up a R/3 System are designed to run simultaneously across several separate computer systems.
R/3 - Real time 3 tier Architecture.
Presentation Server
The presentation server is actually a program named sapgui.exe. It is usually installed on a user’s workstation. To start it, the user double-clicks on an icon on the desktop or chooses a menu path. When started, the presentation server displays the R/3 menus within a window. This window is commonly known as the SAP GUI, or the user interface (or simply, the interface). The interface accepts input from the user in the form of keystrokes, mouse-clicks, and function keys, and sends these requests to the application server to be processed. The application server sends the results back to the SAP GUI which then formats the output for display to the user.
Application Server
An application server is a set of executables that collectively interpret the ABAP/4 programs and manage the input and output for them. When an application server is started, these executables all start at the same time. When an application server is stopped, they all shut down together. The number of processes that start up when you bring up the application server is defined in a single configuration file called the application server profile.
Each application server has a profile that specifies its characteristics when it starts up and while it is running. For example, an application sever profile specifies:
Number of processes and their types
Amount of memory each process may use
Length of time a user is inactive before being automatically logged off
The application server exists to interpret ABAP/4 programs, and they only run there-the programs do not run on the presentation server. An ABAP/4 program can start an executable on the presentation server, but an ABAP/4 program cannot execute there.
If your ABAP/4 program requests information from the database, the application server will format the request and send it to the database server.
Database Server
The database server is a set of executables that accept database requests from the application server. These requests are passed on to the RDBMS (Relation Database Management System). The RDBMS sends the data back to the database server, which then passes the information back to the application server. The application server in turn passes that information to your ABAP/4 program.
There is usually a separate computer dedicated to house the database server, and the RDBMS may run on that computer also, or may be installed on its own computer.
Configuring the Servers
What is SAP ECC?
ECC stands for Enterprise Core/Central Component.
SAP is an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) module, ECC is the version of SAP, like 4.6, 4.6c and 4.7 in that series new version is ECC-6.0 Its known as Enterprise Core Component.
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